Blood relation

Blood relation questions involve determining the relationship between two individuals based on the information provided about their family connections.

These questions test your:

• Logical interpretation

• Analytical thinking

• Understanding of family structures

📊 Types of Blood Relations

1. Direct or Stated Relations

2. Coded Relations

3. Puzzle/Passage Based

4. Symbol/Equation-Based

5. Dialogue/Narrative Format

6. Mixed Blood Relations (including in-laws, maternal/paternal)

🔐 Common Relations Chart

Relationship	Male	Female
Parent	Father	Mother
Child	Son	Daughter
Sibling	Brother	Sister
Parent’s Sibling	Uncle	Aunt
Spouse’s Parent	Father-in-law	Mother-in-law
Child of Sibling	Nephew	Niece
Child’s Spouse	Son-in-law	Daughter-in-law
Grandparent	Grandfather	Grandmother
Grandchild	Grandson	Granddaughter

🔢 Key Terms and Formulaic Conversions

Word/Phrase	Meaning
Only son/daughter	No sibling of the same gender
Wife’s father	Father-in-law
Sister’s son	Nephew
Brother’s wife	Sister-in-law
My mother’s daughter	Myself or my sister (depends on context)
Father’s only son	Myself
Father’s brother	Uncle
Husband’s sister	Sister-in-law
Father’s father	Grandfather

✍️ Problem-Solving Strategy

✅ Step 1: Identify the Reference Point

• Is it I, he, she, or a third person?

✅ Step 2: Decode from Last to First

• Always begin from the deepest nested part of the sentence.

✅ Step 3: Use Symbols and Diagrams

Use shorthand notation:

• ♂ = Male

• ♀ = Female

• ↑ = Parent

• ↓ = Child

• ↔ = Sibling

• ⬅ / ➡ = Spouse

🧠 Examples with Explanation

🔸 Example 1: Direct Statement

Q: Raj is the son of Amit. Priya is Amit's daughter. What is the relation between Raj and Priya?

A: Brother–Sister
📌 Raj and Priya are the children of Amit → siblings

🔸 Example 2: Coded Format

Q: A + B means A is the brother of B
A × B means A is the father of B
A – B means A is the sister of B
A ÷ B means A is the mother of B

What is the relation of P to S in: P + Q × R – S?

Step-by-step:

• R – S → R is the sister of S

• Q × R → Q is the father of R

• P + Q → P is the brother of Q
  ✅ So, P is the uncle of S

🔸 Example 3: Puzzle Statement

Q: Pointing to a photograph, Riya said, “He is the only son of my mother’s father.”

A: Her uncle or father
📌 Her mother’s father = grandfather → his only son = Riya’s uncle or father

🔸 Example 4: Mixed Format

Q: Ravi said, "That girl is the daughter of the only son of my father."

• Ravi's father’s only son = Ravi

• That girl is the daughter of Ravi
  ✅ Answer: Daughter

🔄 Shortcuts to Remember

• “My father’s only son” → Me

• “My mother’s daughter” → Me (if speaker is female) or sister

• “Only daughter of X’s mother” → X (if female)

• “Husband of my daughter’s mother” → My husband

🖼️ Symbol-Based Representation (Optional in rough work)

    (Grandfather)
         |
  ------------------
  |                |
(Father)       (Uncle)
  |
[Self]--[Spouse]
  |
[Son/Daughter]

🔍 Practice Questions with Answers

Question	Answer	Explanation
“He is the son of my father’s sister.”	Cousin	Aunt's son
A × B = A is the father of B, B – C = B is the sister of C. What is A to C?	Father	A → father of B → B → sister of C
"The man in the photo is the father of my daughter's husband."	Son-in-law's father	Father-in-law

30+ MCQs with Answers & Explanations

🔹 Set 1: Direct Relation Questions

1. Pointing to a man, Riya said, "He is the only son of my mother."
A. Father
B. Brother
C. Uncle
D. Cousin
✅ Answer: B. Brother
📝 Explanation: The only son of Riya’s mother = Riya’s brother.

2. A woman says, “This man’s son is my son’s uncle.”
A. Father
B. Husband
C. Brother
D. Father-in-law
✅ Answer: A. Father
📝 Explanation: The woman’s son’s uncle = her brother → The man is her father.

3. Raj says, “The girl is the daughter of the only son of my father.” Who is the girl to Raj?
A. Sister
B. Niece
C. Daughter
D. Cousin
✅ Answer: C. Daughter
📝 Explanation: Only son of Raj’s father = Raj himself → Girl is Raj’s daughter.

4. Pointing to a woman, Ravi said, “She is the daughter of the only son of my grandfather.”
A. Sister
B. Niece
C. Cousin
D. Mother
✅ Answer: A. Sister
📝 Explanation: Only son of grandfather = father → woman is daughter of Ravi’s father → sister.

5. Pointing to a girl, Anuj said, “She is the daughter of the mother of my aunt.”
A. Sister
B. Cousin
C. Aunt
D. Mother
✅ Answer: C. Aunt
📝 Explanation: Mother of aunt = grandmother → grandmother’s daughter = aunt.

🔹 Set 2: Coded Blood Relations

Given Code:

• A + B → A is the brother of B

• A × B → A is the father of B

• A – B → A is the sister of B

• A ÷ B → A is the mother of B

6. What is the relation of P to S in: P + Q × R – S?
A. Father
B. Uncle
C. Brother
D. Cousin
✅ Answer: B. Uncle
📝 Explanation:
R – S → R is sister of S
Q × R → Q is father of R
P + Q → P is brother of Q
→ So, P is uncle of S.

7. What is M to T in: M ÷ N – O × T?
A. Grandmother
B. Mother
C. Aunt
D. Sister
✅ Answer: A. Grandmother
📝 Explanation:
O × T → O is father of T
N – O → N is sister of O
M ÷ N → M is mother of N → M is T’s grandmother.

8. A – B × C. What is the relation of A to C?
A. Aunt
B. Sister
C. Mother
D. Grandmother
✅ Answer: A. Aunt
📝 Explanation:
B × C → B is father of C
A – B → A is sister of B → A is C’s aunt.

🔹 Set 3: Puzzle-Based/Narrative Format

9. Pointing to a man, Rashi said, “He is the son of my father’s only son.”
A. Brother
B. Cousin
C. Nephew
D. Son
✅ Answer: D. Son
📝 Explanation: Father’s only son = Rashi herself → man is her son.

10. Ramesh said, "The girl is the daughter of the only son of my father."
A. Daughter
B. Niece
C. Cousin
D. Sister
✅ Answer: A. Daughter
📝 Explanation: Same pattern as before → girl is Ramesh’s daughter.

11. Introducing a boy, a girl said, “He is the son of the daughter of the father of my uncle.”
A. Brother
B. Nephew
C. Cousin
D. Uncle
✅ Answer: C. Cousin
📝 Explanation: Father of uncle = grandfather → daughter = aunt → her son = cousin.

12. A man said, “That boy is the son of my wife’s only brother.”
A. Nephew
B. Son
C. Brother-in-law
D. Brother
✅ Answer: A. Nephew
📝 Explanation: Wife’s only brother’s son = nephew.

13. X says to Y, “Your mother’s husband’s sister is my aunt.” How is Y related to X?
A. Cousin
B. Sister
C. Mother
D. Aunt
✅ Answer: A. Cousin
📝 Explanation: Y’s mother’s husband = Y’s father → his sister = X’s aunt → Y is X’s cousin.

🔹 Set 4: Mixed Type Questions

14. A is B’s sister, C is B’s mother, D is C’s father. Then how is A related to D?
A. Granddaughter
B. Niece
C. Daughter
D. Great-granddaughter
✅ Answer: A. Granddaughter
📝 Explanation: D → C (daughter) → B (child) → A (sister of B) → A is D’s granddaughter.

15. A is the mother of B and C. D is the husband of A. What is the relation of D to C?
A. Uncle
B. Brother
C. Father
D. Grandfather
✅ Answer: C. Father
📝 Explanation: Husband of A = D → C’s father.

16. If A is the daughter of B who is the son of C and D is the wife of C, how is D related to A?
A. Aunt
B. Grandmother
C. Mother
D. Sister
✅ Answer: B. Grandmother
📝 Explanation: C and D are grandparents → D = grandmother of A.

17. If P is the sister of Q, Q is the brother of R, and R is the husband of S, what is S to P?
A. Sister
B. Sister-in-law
C. Cousin
D. Niece
✅ Answer: B. Sister-in-law
📝 Explanation: R is P’s brother → S (R’s wife) = sister-in-law.

🔹 Set 5: Trick/Advanced Questions

18. A is the father of B. B is the father of C. C is the father of D. How is A related to D?
A. Father
B. Grandfather
C. Great Grandfather
D. Uncle
✅ Answer: C. Great Grandfather

19. A is B’s brother. C is B’s mother. D is C’s father. E is D’s mother. How is E related to A?
A. Great-grandmother
B. Grandmother
C. Aunt
D. Sister
✅ Answer: A. Great-grandmother

20. If A + B means A is the brother of B, A – B means A is the sister of B, and A × B means A is the father of B, then what does P – Q × R mean?
A. Sister
B. Aunt
C. Mother
D. Niece
✅ Answer: B. Aunt
📝 Explanation: Q × R = Q is father of R → P – Q = P is sister of Q → P is aunt of R.

21. Rajiv is the son of Prakash. Prakash has a daughter named Rani. Rani has a son named Ravi. How is Ravi related to Rajiv?
A. Son
B. Nephew
C. Cousin
D. Grandson
✅ Answer: B. Nephew

22. Pointing to a man, Reema said, “He is the husband of the only daughter-in-law of my mother.”
A. Brother
B. Father
C. Husband
D. Uncle
✅ Answer: B. Father

🧠 Symbol-Based Shortcut Chart for Blood Relations

Symbol	Meaning	Relationship	Example	Interpretation
+	A is the brother of B	Sibling (Male)	A + B	A is B's brother
-	A is the sister of B	Sibling (Female)	A - B	A is B's sister
×	A is the father of B	Parent (Male)	A × B	A is B's father
÷	A is the mother of B	Parent (Female)	A ÷ B	A is B's mother
@	A is the husband of B	Spouse (Male)	A @ B	A is B's husband
#	A is the wife of B	Spouse (Female)	A # B	A is B's wife
^	A is the son of B	Child (Male)	A ^ B	A is B's son
%	A is the daughter of B	Child (Female)	A % B	A is B's daughter
$	A is the uncle of B	Relative (Male)	A $ B	A is B's uncle
&	A is the aunt of B	Relative (Female)	A & B	A is B's aunt

🔁 How to Use This Chart in Reasoning Questions

Suppose you are given:

P + Q × R – S

Interpretation:

• R – S → R is sister of S

• Q × R → Q is father of R

• P + Q → P is brother of Q

Final relation: P is uncle of S.

🧠 Trick Questions on Blood Relations with Step-by-Step Explanation

🔶 Question 1:

Pointing to a man, Rina said, “He is the son of my grandfather’s only son.” How is the man related to Rina?

Step-by-Step:

• Rina’s grandfather’s only son = Rina’s father.

• The man is the son of Rina’s father = Rina’s brother.

✅ Answer: Brother

🔶 Question 2:

A is the son of B. B is the daughter of C. D is the father of C. How is A related to D?

Step-by-Step:

• C is the daughter of D → C is D’s daughter.

• B is C’s daughter → B is D’s granddaughter.

• A is B’s son → A is D’s great-grandson.

✅ Answer: Great-grandson

🔶 Question 3:

Introducing a boy, a girl said, "He is the son of the daughter of the father of my uncle." How is the boy related to the girl?

Step-by-Step:

• Girl’s uncle’s father = Girl’s grandfather.

• Grandfather’s daughter = Girl’s mother or aunt.

• The son of the girl’s mother or aunt = Cousin or brother, but not clear.

• Since her uncle is mentioned (not specifying maternal or paternal), assume paternal.

• So, her grandfather’s daughter = her aunt.

• Her aunt’s son = Cousin.

✅ Answer: Cousin

🔶 Question 4:

If A + B means A is the brother of B, A × B means A is the father of B, and A ÷ B means A is the sister of B, then what does P × Q + R ÷ S mean?

Step-by-Step:

1. R ÷ S → R is the sister of S.

2. Q + R → Q is the brother of R.

3. P × Q → P is the father of Q.

Now, combine:

• P is Q’s father → P is the father of Q.

• Q is R’s brother → So P is also father of R.

• R is the sister of S → So P is also the father of S.

✅ Answer: P is the father of S.

🔶 Question 5:

A is the mother of B. C is the father of A. D is the son of C. How is B related to D?

Step-by-Step:

• A is B’s mother → A → B’s parent.

• C is A’s father → C is B’s grandfather.

• D is the son of C → D is A’s brother → D is B’s uncle.

✅ Answer: Uncle

🔶 Question 6:

Pointing to a photograph, a man said, "I have no siblings, but the man in the photograph is my father's son." Whose photo was it?

Step-by-Step:

• “I have no siblings” → Only child.

• “My father’s son” → Himself.

✅ Answer: It’s the man’s own photograph.

🔶 Question 7:

A woman introduces a man as the son of the brother of her mother. How is the man related to the woman?

Step-by-Step:

• Woman’s mother’s brother = her maternal uncle.

• Uncle’s son = Woman’s cousin.

✅ Answer: Cousin

🔶 Question 8:

If A is the sister of B, B is the husband of C, and D is the father of A, how is D related to C?

Step-by-Step:

• A and B are siblings → D is B’s father.

• B is C’s husband → C is B’s wife.

• D is C’s father-in-law.

✅ Answer: Father-in-law

🔶 Question 9:

A’s son is the father of B. How is B related to A?

Step-by-Step:

• A → A’s son → B’s father → A is B’s grandfather or grandmother depending on gender.

✅ Answer: Grandparent

🔶 Question 10:

If P is the brother of Q, Q is the sister of R, and R is the father of S, how is P related to S?

Step-by-Step:

• R is S’s father.

• Q is R’s sister → P is R’s brother.

• So, P is S’s uncle.

✅ Answer: Uncle

✅ Tips to Crack Blood Relation Questions

1. 👓 Read slowly – Misreading is common in nested sentences.

2. 🧾 Use paper or mentally draw diagrams

3. ⚠️ Watch out for trick phrases like "only", "maternal", "in-law"

4. 🔁 Practice coded symbol types

5. 📚 Learn standard conversion formulas